[swift] 신속한 언어의 오류 처리

권장되는 ‘Swift Way’는 다음과 같습니다.

func write(path: String)(#error: NSErrorPointer) -> Bool { // Useful to curry error parameter for retrying (see below)!
    return "Hello!".writeToFile(path, atomically: false, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, error: error)
}

var writeError: NSError?
let written = write("~/Error1")(error: &writeError)
if !written {
    println("write failure 1: \(writeError!.localizedDescription)")
    // assert(false) // Terminate program
}

그러나 오류 처리를 끝에 별도의 블록으로 이동하기 때문에 추적하기가 더 쉬우므로 try / catch를 선호합니다.이 배열을 “황금 경로”라고도합니다. 운이 좋으면 클로저 로이 작업을 수행 할 수 있습니다.

TryBool {
    write("~/Error2")(error: $0) // The code to try
}.catch {
    println("write failure 2: \($0!.localizedDescription)") // Report failure
    // assert(false) // Terminate program
}

또한 재시도 기능을 쉽게 추가 할 수 있습니다.

TryBool {
    write("~/Error3")(error: $0) // The code to try
}.retry {
    println("write failure 3 on try \($1 + 1): \($0!.localizedDescription)")
    return write("~/Error3r")  // The code to retry
}.catch {
    println("write failure 3 catch: \($0!.localizedDescription)") // Report failure
    // assert(false) // Terminate program
}

TryBool의 리스팅은 다음과 같습니다 :

class TryBool {
    typealias Tryee = NSErrorPointer -> Bool
    typealias Catchee = NSError? -> ()
    typealias Retryee = (NSError?, UInt) -> Tryee

    private var tryee: Tryee
    private var retries: UInt = 0
    private var retryee: Retryee?

    init(tryee: Tryee) {
        self.tryee = tryee
    }

    func retry(retries: UInt, retryee: Retryee) -> Self {
        self.retries = retries
        self.retryee = retryee
        return self
    }
    func retry(retryee: Retryee) -> Self {
        return self.retry(1, retryee)
    }
    func retry(retries: UInt) -> Self {
        // For some reason you can't write the body as "return retry(1, nil)", the compiler doesn't like the nil
        self.retries = retries
        retryee = nil
        return self
    }
    func retry() -> Self {
        return retry(1)
    }

    func catch(catchee: Catchee) {
        var error: NSError?
        for numRetries in 0...retries { // First try is retry 0
            error = nil
            let result = tryee(&error)
            if result {
                return
            } else if numRetries != retries {
                if let r = retryee {
                    tryee = r(error, numRetries)
                }
            }
        }
        catchee(error)
    }
}

Bool 값 대신 Optional 반환 값을 테스트하기 위해 비슷한 클래스를 작성할 수 있습니다.

class TryOptional<T> {
    typealias Tryee = NSErrorPointer -> T?
    typealias Catchee = NSError? -> T
    typealias Retryee = (NSError?, UInt) -> Tryee

    private var tryee: Tryee
    private var retries: UInt = 0
    private var retryee: Retryee?

    init(tryee: Tryee) {
        self.tryee = tryee
    }

    func retry(retries: UInt, retryee: Retryee) -> Self {
        self.retries = retries
        self.retryee = retryee
        return self
    }
    func retry(retryee: Retryee) -> Self {
        return retry(1, retryee)
    }
    func retry(retries: UInt) -> Self {
        // For some reason you can't write the body as "return retry(1, nil)", the compiler doesn't like the nil
        self.retries = retries
        retryee = nil
        return self
    }
    func retry() -> Self {
        return retry(1)
    }

    func catch(catchee: Catchee) -> T {
        var error: NSError?
        for numRetries in 0...retries {
            error = nil
            let result = tryee(&error)
            if let r = result {
                return r
            } else if numRetries != retries {
                if let r = retryee {
                    tryee = r(error, numRetries)
                }
            }
        }
        return catchee(error)
    }
}

TryOptional 버전은 선택적 프로그래밍이 아닌 리턴 유형을 적용하여 ‘Swift Way :

struct FailableInitializer {
    init?(_ id: Int, error: NSErrorPointer) {
        // Always fails in example
        if error != nil {
            error.memory = NSError(domain: "", code: id, userInfo: [:])
        }
        return nil
    }
    private init() {
        // Empty in example
    }
    static let fallback = FailableInitializer()
}

func failableInitializer(id: Int)(#error: NSErrorPointer) -> FailableInitializer? { // Curry for retry
    return FailableInitializer(id, error: error)
}

var failError: NSError?
var failure1Temp = failableInitializer(1)(error: &failError)
if failure1Temp == nil {
    println("failableInitializer failure code: \(failError!.code)")
    failure1Temp = FailableInitializer.fallback
}
let failure1 = failure1Temp! // Unwrap

TryOptional 사용하기 :

let failure2 = TryOptional {
    failableInitializer(2)(error: $0)
}.catch {
    println("failableInitializer failure code: \($0!.code)")
    return FailableInitializer.fallback
}

let failure3 = TryOptional {
    failableInitializer(3)(error: $0)
}.retry {
    println("failableInitializer failure, on try \($1 + 1), code: \($0!.code)")
    return failableInitializer(31)
}.catch {
    println("failableInitializer failure code: \($0!.code)")
    return FailableInitializer.fallback
}

자동 언 랩핑을 참고하십시오.

답변

var fooError : NSError ? = nil

let someObject = foo(aParam, error:&fooError)

// Check something was returned and look for an error if it wasn't.
if !someObject {
   if let error = fooError {
      // Handle error
      NSLog("This happened: \(error.localizedDescription)")
   }
} else {
   // Handle success
}`

func foo(param:ParamObject, error: NSErrorPointer) -> SomeObject {

   // Do stuff...

   if somethingBadHasHappened {
      if error {
         error.memory = NSError(domain: domain, code: code, userInfo: [:])
      }
      return nil
   }

   // Do more stuff...
}

SwiftTryCatch.try({ () -> Void in
        //try something
     }, catch: { (error) -> Void in
        //handle error
     }, finally: { () -> Void in
        //close resources
})

func loadData() throws { }
func test() {
do {
    try loadData()
} catch {
    print(error)
}}