[regex] Scala에서 정규 표현식을 사용하여 패턴 일치를 수행하는 방법은 무엇입니까?

버전 2.10부터 Scala의 문자열 보간 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다.

implicit class RegexOps(sc: StringContext) {
  def r = new util.matching.Regex(sc.parts.mkString, sc.parts.tail.map(_ => "x"): _*)
}

scala> "123" match { case r"\d+" => true case _ => false }
res34: Boolean = true

더 좋은 방법은 정규식 그룹을 바인딩 할 수 있습니다.

scala> "123" match { case r"(\d+)$d" => d.toInt case _ => 0 }
res36: Int = 123

scala> "10+15" match { case r"(\d\d)${first}\+(\d\d)${second}" => first.toInt+second.toInt case _ => 0 }
res38: Int = 25

더 자세한 바인딩 메커니즘을 설정할 수도 있습니다.

scala> object Doubler { def unapply(s: String) = Some(s.toInt*2) }
defined module Doubler

scala> "10" match { case r"(\d\d)${Doubler(d)}" => d case _ => 0 }
res40: Int = 20

scala> object isPositive { def unapply(s: String) = s.toInt >= 0 }
defined module isPositive

scala> "10" match { case r"(\d\d)${d @ isPositive()}" => d.toInt case _ => 0 }
res56: Int = 10

무엇을 사용할 수 있는지에 대한 인상적인 예 Dynamic는 블로그 게시물 Introduction to Type Dynamic에서 볼 수 있습니다 .

object T {

  class RegexpExtractor(params: List[String]) {
    def unapplySeq(str: String) =
      params.headOption flatMap (_.r unapplySeq str)
  }

  class StartsWithExtractor(params: List[String]) {
    def unapply(str: String) =
      params.headOption filter (str startsWith _) map (_ => str)
  }

  class MapExtractor(keys: List[String]) {
    def unapplySeq[T](map: Map[String, T]) =
      Some(keys.map(map get _))
  }

  import scala.language.dynamics

  class ExtractorParams(params: List[String]) extends Dynamic {
    val Map = new MapExtractor(params)
    val StartsWith = new StartsWithExtractor(params)
    val Regexp = new RegexpExtractor(params)

    def selectDynamic(name: String) =
      new ExtractorParams(params :+ name)
  }

  object p extends ExtractorParams(Nil)

  Map("firstName" -> "John", "lastName" -> "Doe") match {
    case p.firstName.lastName.Map(
          Some(p.Jo.StartsWith(fn)),
          Some(p.`.*(\\w)$`.Regexp(lastChar))) =>
      println(s"Match! $fn ...$lastChar")
    case _ => println("nope")
  }
}

답변

word.matches("[a-cA-C].*")

val Process = """([a-cA-C])([^\s]+)""".r // define first, rest is non-space
for (p <- Process findAllIn "aha bah Cah dah") p match {
  case Process("b", _) => println("first: 'a', some rest")
  case Process(_, rest) => println("some first, rest: " + rest)
  // etc.
}

word(0)

"Cat"(0).toString.matches("[a-cA-C]")
res10: Boolean = true

"Cat".matches("^[a-cA-C].*")
res14: Boolean = true

scala> val MY_RE = "(foo|bar).*".r
MY_RE: scala.util.matching.Regex = (foo|bar).*

scala> val result = "foo123" match { case MY_RE(m) => m; case _ => "No match" }
result: String = foo

scala> val result = "baz123" match { case MY_RE(m) => m; case _ => "No match" }
result: String = No match

scala> val result = "abcfoo123" match { case MY_RE(m) => m; case _ => "No match" }
result: String = No match

scala> val MY_RE2 = "(foo|bar)".r
MY_RE2: scala.util.matching.Regex = (foo|bar)

scala> val result = "foo123" match { case MY_RE2(m) => m; case _ => "No match" }
result: String = No match

import scala.util.matching.Regex
val pattern = "Scala".r // <=> val pattern = new Regex("Scala")
val str = "Scala is very cool"
val result = pattern findFirstIn str
result match {
  case Some(v) => println(v)
  case _ =>
} // output: Scala

val date = """(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)""".r
"2014-11-20" match {
  case date(year, month, day) => "hello"
} // output: hello