[javascript] 자바 스크립트의 자식 클래스에서 부모 메서드를 호출하는 방법은 무엇입니까?

다중 상속 레벨의 경우이 함수는 다른 언어에서 super () 메소드로 사용될 수 있습니다. 다음은 몇 가지 테스트와 함께 데모 바이올린 이며, 메소드 사용 내에서 다음과 같이 사용할 수 있습니다.call_base(this, 'method_name', arguments);

최신 ES 기능을 사용하므로 이전 브라우저와의 호환성이 보장되지 않습니다. IE11, FF29, CH35에서 테스트되었습니다.

/**
 * Call super method of the given object and method.
 * This function create a temporary variable called "_call_base_reference",
 * to inspect whole inheritance linage. It will be deleted at the end of inspection.
 *
 * Usage : Inside your method use call_base(this, 'method_name', arguments);
 *
 * @param {object} object The owner object of the method and inheritance linage
 * @param {string} method The name of the super method to find.
 * @param {array} args The calls arguments, basically use the "arguments" special variable.
 * @returns {*} The data returned from the super method.
 */
function call_base(object, method, args) {
    // We get base object, first time it will be passed object,
    // but in case of multiple inheritance, it will be instance of parent objects.
    var base = object.hasOwnProperty('_call_base_reference') ? object._call_base_reference : object,
    // We get matching method, from current object,
    // this is a reference to define super method.
            object_current_method = base[method],
    // Temp object wo receive method definition.
            descriptor = null,
    // We define super function after founding current position.
            is_super = false,
    // Contain output data.
            output = null;
    while (base !== undefined) {
        // Get method info
        descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(base, method);
        if (descriptor !== undefined) {
            // We search for current object method to define inherited part of chain.
            if (descriptor.value === object_current_method) {
                // Further loops will be considered as inherited function.
                is_super = true;
            }
            // We already have found current object method.
            else if (is_super === true) {
                // We need to pass original object to apply() as first argument,
                // this allow to keep original instance definition along all method
                // inheritance. But we also need to save reference to "base" who
                // contain parent class, it will be used into this function startup
                // to begin at the right chain position.
                object._call_base_reference = base;
                // Apply super method.
                output = descriptor.value.apply(object, args);
                // Property have been used into super function if another
                // call_base() is launched. Reference is not useful anymore.
                delete object._call_base_reference;
                // Job is done.
                return output;
            }
        }
        // Iterate to the next parent inherited.
        base = Object.getPrototypeOf(base);
    }
}

답변

    function Shape(){}

    Shape.prototype.name = 'Shape';

    Shape.prototype.toString = function(){
        return this.constructor.parent
            ? this.constructor.parent.toString() + ',' + this.name
            : this.name;
    };


    function TwoDShape(){}

    var F = function(){};

    F.prototype = Shape.prototype;

    TwoDShape.prototype = new F();

    TwoDShape.prototype.constructor = TwoDShape;

    TwoDShape.parent = Shape.prototype;

    TwoDShape.prototype.name = '2D Shape';


    var my = new TwoDShape();

    console.log(my.toString()); ===> Shape,2D Shape

//Parent constructor
function ParentConstructor(firstName){
    //add parent properties:
    this.parentProperty = firstName;
}

//add 2 Parent methods:
ParentConstructor.prototype.parentMethod = function(argument){
    console.log(
            "Parent says: argument=" + argument +
            ", parentProperty=" + this.parentProperty +
            ", childProperty=" + this.childProperty
    );
};

ParentConstructor.prototype.commonMethod = function(argument){
    console.log("Hello from Parent! argument=" + argument);
};

//Child constructor    
function ChildConstructor(firstName, lastName){
    //first add parent's properties
    ParentConstructor.call(this, firstName);

    //now add child's properties:
    this.childProperty = lastName;
}

//insert Parent's methods into Child's prototype chain
var rCopyParentProto = Object.create(ParentConstructor.prototype);
rCopyParentProto.constructor = ChildConstructor;
ChildConstructor.prototype = rCopyParentProto;

//add 2 Child methods:
ChildConstructor.prototype.childMethod = function(argument){
    console.log(
            "Child says: argument=" + argument +
            ", parentProperty=" + this.parentProperty +
            ", childProperty=" + this.childProperty
    );
};

ChildConstructor.prototype.commonMethod = function(argument){
    console.log("Hello from Child! argument=" + argument);

    // *** call Parent's version of common method
    ParentConstructor.prototype.commonMethod(argument);
};

//create an instance of Child
var child_1 = new ChildConstructor('Albert', 'Einstein');

//call Child method
child_1.childMethod('do child method');

//call Parent method
child_1.parentMethod('do parent method');

//call common method
child_1.commonMethod('do common method');

function SUPER(instance) {
    return new Proxy(instance, {
        get(target, prop) {
            return Object.getPrototypeOf(Object.getPrototypeOf(target))[prop].bind(target);
        }
    });
}