[functional-programming] Hindley-Milner는 무엇입니까?

C #에서 간단한 Hindley-Milner 유형 추론 구현 :

(Lisp-ish) S- 표현식에 대한 Hindley-Milner 유형 추론, 650 줄 미만의 C #

구현은 C #의 범위가 270 개 정도에 불과합니다 (알고리즘 W 적절하고이를 지원하는 몇 가지 데이터 구조에 대해).

사용 발췌 :

    // ...

    var syntax =
        new SExpressionSyntax().
        Include
        (
            // Not-quite-Lisp-indeed; just tolen from our host, C#, as-is
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("\\/\\/.*", SExpressionSyntax.Commenting),
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("false", (token, match) => false),
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("true", (token, match) => true),
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("null", (token, match) => null),

            // Integers (unsigned)
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("[0-9]+", (token, match) => int.Parse(match)),

            // String literals
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("\\\"(\\\\\\n|\\\\t|\\\\n|\\\\r|\\\\\\\"|[^\\\"])*\\\"", (token, match) => match.Substring(1, match.Length - 2)),

            // For identifiers...
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("[\\$_A-Za-z][\\$_0-9A-Za-z\\-]*", SExpressionSyntax.NewSymbol),

            // ... and such
            SExpressionSyntax.Token("[\\!\\&\\|\\<\\=\\>\\+\\-\\*\\/\\%\\:]+", SExpressionSyntax.NewSymbol)
        );

    var system = TypeSystem.Default;
    var env = new Dictionary<string, IType>();

    // Classic
    var @bool = system.NewType(typeof(bool).Name);
    var @int = system.NewType(typeof(int).Name);
    var @string = system.NewType(typeof(string).Name);

    // Generic list of some `item' type : List<item>
    var ItemType = system.NewGeneric();
    var ListType = system.NewType("List", new[] { ItemType });

    // Populate the top level typing environment (aka, the language's "builtins")
    env[@bool.Id] = @bool;
    env[@int.Id] = @int;
    env[@string.Id] = @string;
    env[ListType.Id] = env["nil"] = ListType;

    //...

    Action<object> analyze =
        (ast) =>
        {
            var nodes = (Node[])visitSExpr(ast);
            foreach (var node in nodes)
            {
                try
                {
                    Console.WriteLine();
                    Console.WriteLine("{0} : {1}", node.Id, system.Infer(env, node));
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("... Done.");
        };

    // Parse some S-expr (in string representation)
    var source =
        syntax.
        Parse
        (@"
            (
                let
                (
                    // Type inference ""playground""

                    // Classic..
                    ( id ( ( x ) => x ) ) // identity

                    ( o ( ( f g ) => ( ( x ) => ( f ( g x ) ) ) ) ) // composition

                    ( factorial ( ( n ) => ( if ( > n 0 ) ( * n ( factorial ( - n 1 ) ) ) 1 ) ) )

                    // More interesting..
                    ( fmap (
                        ( f l ) =>
                        ( if ( empty l )
                            ( : ( f ( head l ) ) ( fmap f ( tail l ) ) )
                            nil
                        )
                    ) )

                    // your own...
                )
                ( )
            )
        ");

    // Visit the parsed S-expr, turn it into a more friendly AST for H-M
    // (see Node, et al, above) and infer some types from the latter
    analyze(source);

    // ...

… 결과 :

id : Function<`u, `u>

o : Function<Function<`z, `aa>, Function<`y, `z>, Function<`y, `aa>>

factorial : Function<Int32, Int32>

fmap : Function<Function<`au, `ax>, List<`au>, List<`ax>>

... Done.

시작하는 데 도움이되는 Brian McKenna의 bitbucket에 대한 JavaScript 구현 도 참조하십시오 (저를 위해 일했습니다).

‘HTH,

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