[C#] HTTP POST 웹 요청을하는 방법

HTTP GET및 POST요청 을 수행하는 몇 가지 방법이 있습니다 .

방법 A : HttpClient (권장)

가능 : .NET Framework 4.5+, .NET Standard 1.1+, .NET Core 1.0+.

현재 선호되는 방식이며 비동기식 및 고성능입니다. 대부분의 경우 내장 버전을 사용하지만 아주 오래된 플랫폼에는 NuGet 패키지가 있습니다.

using System.Net.Http;

설정

HttpClient특별한 이유가없는 한 응용 프로그램 수명 동안 인스턴스를 생성 하고 공유하는 것이 좋습니다 .

private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

참조 HttpClientFactoryA에 대한 의존성 주입 솔루션입니다.

• POST

  var values = new Dictionary<string, string>
  {
      { "thing1", "hello" },
      { "thing2", "world" }
  };
  
  var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(values);
  
  var response = await client.PostAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", content);
  
  var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
  

• GET

  var responseString = await client.GetStringAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

방법 B : 타사 라이브러리

RestSharp

• POST

   var client = new RestClient("http://example.com");
   // client.Authenticator = new HttpBasicAuthenticator(username, password);
   var request = new RestRequest("resource/{id}");
   request.AddParameter("thing1", "Hello");
   request.AddParameter("thing2", "world");
   request.AddHeader("header", "value");
   request.AddFile("file", path);
   var response = client.Post(request);
   var content = response.Content; // Raw content as string
   var response2 = client.Post<Person>(request);
   var name = response2.Data.Name;
  

Flurl.Http

유창한 API를 사용하고, 도우미를 테스트하고, HttpClient를 사용하며, 이식성이 뛰어난 최신 라이브러리입니다. NuGet을 통해 사용할 수 있습니다 .

    using Flurl.Http;

• POST

  var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .PostUrlEncodedAsync(new { thing1 = "hello", thing2 = "world" })
      .ReceiveString();
  

• GET

  var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .GetStringAsync();
  

방법 C : HttpWebRequest (새 작업에는 권장되지 않음)

가능 : .NET Framework 1.1+, .NET Standard 2.0+, .NET Core 1.0+. .NET Core에서는 대부분 호환성을 위해 랩핑 HttpClient하고 성능이 떨어지며 새로운 기능을 얻지 못합니다.

using System.Net;
using System.Text;  // For class Encoding
using System.IO;    // For StreamReader

• POST

  var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  
  var postData = "thing1=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("hello");
      postData += "&thing2=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("world");
  var data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);
  
  request.Method = "POST";
  request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
  request.ContentLength = data.Length;
  
  using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
  {
      stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
  }
  
  var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
  
  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
  

• GET

  var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  
  var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
  
  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
  

방법 D : WebClient (새 작업에 권장되지 않음)

이 래퍼 HttpWebRequest입니다. 와 비교하십시오HttpClient .

가능 : .NET Framework 1.1+, NET Standard 2.0+,.NET Core 2.0+

using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

• POST

  using (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var values = new NameValueCollection();
      values["thing1"] = "hello";
      values["thing2"] = "world";
  
      var response = client.UploadValues("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", values);
  
      var responseString = Encoding.Default.GetString(response);
  }
  

• GET

  using (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var responseString = client.DownloadString("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  }
  

답변

using System.Net;

...

using (var wb = new WebClient())
{
    var response = wb.DownloadString(url);
}

using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

...

using (var wb = new WebClient())
{
    var data = new NameValueCollection();
    data["username"] = "myUser";
    data["password"] = "myPassword";

    var response = wb.UploadValues(url, "POST", data);
    string responseInString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(response);
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

namespace Examples.System.Net
{
    public class WebRequestPostExample
    {
        public static void Main()
        {
            // Create a request using a URL that can receive a post. 
            WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create("http://www.contoso.com/PostAccepter.aspx");
            // Set the Method property of the request to POST.
            request.Method = "POST";
            // Create POST data and convert it to a byte array.
            string postData = "This is a test that posts this string to a Web server.";
            byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData);
            // Set the ContentType property of the WebRequest.
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            // Set the ContentLength property of the WebRequest.
            request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
            // Get the request stream.
            Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
            // Write the data to the request stream.
            dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
            // Close the Stream object.
            dataStream.Close();
            // Get the response.
            WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
            // Display the status.
            Console.WriteLine(((HttpWebResponse)response).StatusDescription);
            // Get the stream containing content returned by the server.
            dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();
            // Open the stream using a StreamReader for easy access.
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);
            // Read the content.
            string responseFromServer = reader.ReadToEnd();
            // Display the content.
            Console.WriteLine(responseFromServer);
            // Clean up the streams.
            reader.Close();
            dataStream.Close();
            response.Close();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Customer
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Address { get; set; }
        public string Phone { get; set; }
    }

    public class Program
    {
        private static readonly HttpClient _Client = new HttpClient();
        private static JavaScriptSerializer _Serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Run().Wait();
        }

        static async Task Run()
        {
            string url = "http://www.example.com/api/Customer";
            Customer cust = new Customer() { Name = "Example Customer", Address = "Some example address", Phone = "Some phone number" };
            var json = _Serializer.Serialize(cust);
            var response = await Request(HttpMethod.Post, url, json, new Dictionary<string, string>());
            string responseText = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            List<YourCustomClassModel> serializedResult = _Serializer.Deserialize<List<YourCustomClassModel>>(responseText);

            Console.WriteLine(responseText);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Makes an async HTTP Request
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pMethod">Those methods you know: GET, POST, HEAD, etc...</param>
        /// <param name="pUrl">Very predictable...</param>
        /// <param name="pJsonContent">String data to POST on the server</param>
        /// <param name="pHeaders">If you use some kind of Authorization you should use this</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Request(HttpMethod pMethod, string pUrl, string pJsonContent, Dictionary<string, string> pHeaders)
        {
            var httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage();
            httpRequestMessage.Method = pMethod;
            httpRequestMessage.RequestUri = new Uri(pUrl);
            foreach (var head in pHeaders)
            {
                httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add(head.Key, head.Value);
            }
            switch (pMethod.Method)
            {
                case "POST":
                    HttpContent httpContent = new StringContent(pJsonContent, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
                    httpRequestMessage.Content = httpContent;
                    break;

            }

            return await _Client.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage);
        }
    }
}

        var client = new WebClient();
        string credentials = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(userName + ":" + passWord));
        client.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.Authorization] = $"Basic {credentials}";
        //If you have your data stored in an object serialize it into json to pass to the webclient with Newtonsoft's JsonConvert
        var encodedJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(newAccount);

        client.Headers.Add($"x-api-key:{ApiKey}");
        client.Headers.Add("Content-Type:application/json");
        try
        {
            var response = client.UploadString($"{apiurl}", encodedJson);
            //if you have a model to deserialize the json into Newtonsoft will help bind the data to the model, this is an extremely useful trick for GET calls when you have a lot of data, you can strongly type a model and dump it into an instance of that class.
            Response response1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Response>(response);

// Add a Reference to the assembly System.Web

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;

private async Task<WebResponse> CallUri(string url, TimeSpan timeout)
{
    var uri = new Uri(url);
    NameValueCollection rawParameters = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(uri.Query);
    var parameters = new Dictionary<string, string>();
    foreach (string p in rawParameters.Keys)
    {
        parameters[p] = rawParameters[p];
    }

    var client = new HttpClient { Timeout = timeout };
    HttpResponseMessage response;
    if (parameters.Count == 0)
    {
        response = await client.GetAsync(url);
    }
    else
    {
        var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(parameters);
        string urlMinusParameters = uri.OriginalString.Split('?')[0]; // Parameters always follow the '?' symbol.
        response = await client.PostAsync(urlMinusParameters, content);
    }
    var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

    return new WebResponse(response.StatusCode, responseString);
}

private class WebResponse
{
    public WebResponse(HttpStatusCode httpStatusCode, string response)
    {
        this.HttpStatusCode = httpStatusCode;
        this.Response = response;
    }
    public HttpStatusCode HttpStatusCode { get; }
    public string Response { get; }
}

 var timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(300);
 WebResponse response = await this.CallUri("http://www.google.com/", timeout);
 if (response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
 {
     Console.Write(response.Response); // Print HTML.
 }

 var timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(300);
 WebResponse response = await this.CallUri("http://example.com/path/to/page?name=ferret&color=purple", timeout);
 if (response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
 {
     Console.Write(response.Response); // Print HTML.
 }

(new WebClient()).UploadStringAsync(new Uri(Address), dataString);‏