bash에서 거의 완벽한 try & catch 구현을 개발하여 다음과 같은 코드를 작성할 수 있습니다.

try
    echo 'Hello'
    false
    echo 'This will not be displayed'

catch
    echo "Error in $__EXCEPTION_SOURCE__ at line: $__EXCEPTION_LINE__!"

try-catch 블록을 자체 안에 중첩시킬 수도 있습니다!

try {
    echo 'Hello'

    try {
        echo 'Nested Hello'
        false
        echo 'This will not execute'
    } catch {
        echo "Nested Caught (@ $__EXCEPTION_LINE__)"
    }

    false
    echo 'This will not execute too'

} catch {
    echo "Error in $__EXCEPTION_SOURCE__ at line: $__EXCEPTION_LINE__!"
}

코드는 내 배쉬 보일러 플레이트 / 프레임 워크 의 일부입니다 . 또한 역 추적 및 예외를 포함한 오류 처리 (및 기타 유용한 기능)를 사용하여 try & catch 아이디어를 확장합니다.

try & catch를 담당하는 코드는 다음과 같습니다.

set -o pipefail
shopt -s expand_aliases
declare -ig __oo__insideTryCatch=0

# if try-catch is nested, then set +e before so the parent handler doesn't catch us
alias try="[[ \$__oo__insideTryCatch -gt 0 ]] && set +e;
           __oo__insideTryCatch+=1; ( set -e;
           trap \"Exception.Capture \${LINENO}; \" ERR;"
alias catch=" ); Exception.Extract \$? || "

Exception.Capture() {
    local script="${BASH_SOURCE[1]#./}"

    if [[ ! -f /tmp/stored_exception_source ]]; then
        echo "$script" > /tmp/stored_exception_source
    fi
    if [[ ! -f /tmp/stored_exception_line ]]; then
        echo "$1" > /tmp/stored_exception_line
    fi
    return 0
}

Exception.Extract() {
    if [[ $__oo__insideTryCatch -gt 1 ]]
    then
        set -e
    fi

    __oo__insideTryCatch+=-1

    __EXCEPTION_CATCH__=( $(Exception.GetLastException) )

    local retVal=$1
    if [[ $retVal -gt 0 ]]
    then
        # BACKWARDS COMPATIBILE WAY:
        # export __EXCEPTION_SOURCE__="${__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[(${#__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[@]}-1)]}"
        # export __EXCEPTION_LINE__="${__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[(${#__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[@]}-2)]}"
        export __EXCEPTION_SOURCE__="${__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[-1]}"
        export __EXCEPTION_LINE__="${__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[-2]}"
        export __EXCEPTION__="${__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[@]:0:(${#__EXCEPTION_CATCH__[@]} - 2)}"
        return 1 # so that we may continue with a "catch"
    fi
}

Exception.GetLastException() {
    if [[ -f /tmp/stored_exception ]] && [[ -f /tmp/stored_exception_line ]] && [[ -f /tmp/stored_exception_source ]]
    then
        cat /tmp/stored_exception
        cat /tmp/stored_exception_line
        cat /tmp/stored_exception_source
    else
        echo -e " \n${BASH_LINENO[1]}\n${BASH_SOURCE[2]#./}"
    fi

    rm -f /tmp/stored_exception /tmp/stored_exception_line /tmp/stored_exception_source
    return 0
}

자유롭게 사용하고 포크하고 기여하십시오 -GitHub 에 있습니다 .

답변

(
  set -Ee
  function _catch {
    block B
    exit 0  # optional; use if you don't want to propagate (rethrow) error to outer shell
  }
  function _finally {
    block C
  }
  trap _catch ERR
  trap _finally EXIT
  block A
)

#!/bin/bash

function a() {
  # do some stuff here
}
function b() {
  # do more stuff here
}

# this subshell is a scope of try
# try
(
  # this flag will make to exit from current subshell on any error
  # inside it (all functions run inside will also break on any error)
  set -e
  a
  b
  # do more stuff here
)
# and here we catch errors
# catch
errorCode=$?
if [ $errorCode -ne 0 ]; then
  echo "We have an error"
  # We exit the all script with the same error, if you don't want to
  # exit it and continue, just delete this line.
  exit $errorCode
fi

(
  echo "Do one thing"
  echo "Do another thing"
  if some_condition
  then
    exit 3  # <-- this is our simulated bailing out
  fi
  echo "Do yet another thing"
  echo "And do a last thing"
)   # <-- here we arrive after the simulated bailing out, and $? will be 3 (exit code)
if [ $? = 3 ]
then
  echo "Bail out detected"
fi

(
  echo "Do one thing"
  echo "Do another thing"
  some_command || exit 3
  echo "Do yet another thing"
  echo "And do a last thing"
)
...

(
  set -e
  echo "Do one thing"
  echo "Do another thing"
  some_command
  echo "Do yet another thing"
  echo "And do a last thing"
)
...

#!/bin/bash

set +e
bash -e <<TRY
  echo hello
  cd /does/not/exist
  echo world
TRY
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
  echo caught exception
fi