[bash] 불필요한 지연없이 bash에서 명령 시간 초과

나는 이것이 당신이 요구하는 정확하게라고 생각합니다.

http://www.bashcookbook.com/bashinfo/source/bash-4.0/examples/scripts/timeout3

#!/bin/bash
#
# The Bash shell script executes a command with a time-out.
# Upon time-out expiration SIGTERM (15) is sent to the process. If the signal
# is blocked, then the subsequent SIGKILL (9) terminates it.
#
# Based on the Bash documentation example.

# Hello Chet,
# please find attached a "little easier"  :-)  to comprehend
# time-out example.  If you find it suitable, feel free to include
# anywhere: the very same logic as in the original examples/scripts, a
# little more transparent implementation to my taste.
#
# Dmitry V Golovashkin <Dmitry.Golovashkin@sas.com>

scriptName="${0##*/}"

declare -i DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=9
declare -i DEFAULT_INTERVAL=1
declare -i DEFAULT_DELAY=1

# Timeout.
declare -i timeout=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
# Interval between checks if the process is still alive.
declare -i interval=DEFAULT_INTERVAL
# Delay between posting the SIGTERM signal and destroying the process by SIGKILL.
declare -i delay=DEFAULT_DELAY

function printUsage() {
    cat <<EOF

Synopsis
    $scriptName [-t timeout] [-i interval] [-d delay] command
    Execute a command with a time-out.
    Upon time-out expiration SIGTERM (15) is sent to the process. If SIGTERM
    signal is blocked, then the subsequent SIGKILL (9) terminates it.

    -t timeout
        Number of seconds to wait for command completion.
        Default value: $DEFAULT_TIMEOUT seconds.

    -i interval
        Interval between checks if the process is still alive.
        Positive integer, default value: $DEFAULT_INTERVAL seconds.

    -d delay
        Delay between posting the SIGTERM signal and destroying the
        process by SIGKILL. Default value: $DEFAULT_DELAY seconds.

As of today, Bash does not support floating point arithmetic (sleep does),
therefore all delay/time values must be integers.
EOF
}

# Options.
while getopts ":t:i:d:" option; do
    case "$option" in
        t) timeout=$OPTARG ;;
        i) interval=$OPTARG ;;
        d) delay=$OPTARG ;;
        *) printUsage; exit 1 ;;
    esac
done
shift $((OPTIND - 1))

# $# should be at least 1 (the command to execute), however it may be strictly
# greater than 1 if the command itself has options.
if (($# == 0 || interval <= 0)); then
    printUsage
    exit 1
fi

# kill -0 pid   Exit code indicates if a signal may be sent to $pid process.
(
    ((t = timeout))

    while ((t > 0)); do
        sleep $interval
        kill -0 $$ || exit 0
        ((t -= interval))
    done

    # Be nice, post SIGTERM first.
    # The 'exit 0' below will be executed if any preceeding command fails.
    kill -s SIGTERM $$ && kill -0 $$ || exit 0
    sleep $delay
    kill -s SIGKILL $$
) 2> /dev/null &

exec "$@"

답변

timeout 5 /path/to/slow/command with options

#!/bin/sh
( your_command ) & pid=$!
( sleep $TIMEOUT && kill -HUP $pid ) 2>/dev/null & watcher=$!
wait $pid 2>/dev/null && pkill -HUP -P $watcher

( sleep 20 ) & pid=$!
( sleep 2 && kill -HUP $pid ) 2>/dev/null & watcher=$!
if wait $pid 2>/dev/null; then
    echo "your_command finished"
    pkill -HUP -P $watcher
    wait $watcher
else
    echo "your_command interrupted"
fi

( sleep 2 ) & pid=$!
( sleep 20 && kill -HUP $pid ) 2>/dev/null & watcher=$!
if wait $pid 2>/dev/null; then
    echo "your_command finished"
    pkill -HUP -P $watcher
    wait $watcher
else
    echo "your_command interrupted"
fi

timeout --signal=SIGINT 10 /path/to/slow command with options

_timeout() { ( set +b; sleep "$1" & "${@:2}" & wait -n; r=$?; kill -9 `jobs -p`; exit $r; ) }

_timeout() { ( set +b; sleep "$1" & "${@:2}" & wait -n; kill -9 `jobs -p`; ) }

(
set +b
sleep 20 &
{
YOUR SHELL CODE HERE
} &
wait -n
kill `jobs -p`
)

eval "__orig$(declare -f __git_ps1)" && __git_ps1() { ( git() { _timeout 0.3 /usr/bin/git "$@"; }; _timeout 0.3 __orig__git_ps1 "$@"; ) }

# ping for 3 seconds, but timeout after only 1 second
timeout 1 ping 8.8.8.8 -w3
EXIT_STATUS=$?
if [ $EXIT_STATUS -eq 124 ]
then
echo 'Process Timed Out!'
else
echo 'Process did not timeout. Something else went wrong.'
fi
exit $EXIT_STATUS